Article I
Name
The name of the association shall be the American Knabstrupper Association. (Hereafter referred to as the "Association" and "AKA"). 

Article II
Purposes
The purposes for which the Association is formed are those set forth in its Articles of Formation, as from time to time amended, including but not limited to the registration, inspection, advancement, study, protection, exhibition, promotion, marketing and enjoyment of the Knabstrupper breed of horse in North America.

Article III
Offices
The registered office of the Association shall be at the address stated in the Articles of Formation but such address may be changed from time to time by the Board of Directors to another address in the State of Texas.

The Association shall have a principal office, and other offices, either within or without the State of Texas, as the Board of Directors may designate or the business of the Association may require from time to time. The principal office of the Association may be, but need not be, the same as its registered office, and until otherwise determined, shall be located at 17302 Swansbury, Cypress, TX 77429. 

Article IV
Members
A. Membership classes and eligibility. The Association shall have four classes of membership: regular, associate, foreign and honorary.

1. Regular membership. Regular membership shall be open to any of the following who is a resident of North America and who is 18 years or older:

a. The owner of a Knabstrupper registered with the Association. (However, if two or more persons own such a Knabstrupper, any two, but in no case more than two, shall be entitled to membership based on such ownership) or the owner of a mare or stallion approved by the Association for breeding Knabstruppers.

b. Any member of the immediate family (parent, spouse, child) of an individual eligible for regular membership.

c. A regular member who does not currently own a Knabstrupper registered with the Association or a mare or stallion approved by the Association for the breeding of Knabstruppers but has owned one for the previous two full years or more may retain regular membership by paying annual dues for a further period of two years, as long as s/he fulfills the other requirements for regular membership. After that period, if s/he has not acquired ownership of another Knabstrupper or mare or stallion approved by the Association for breeding Knabstruppers, s/he must notify the membership secretary of the change in membership status. S/he may continue membership in the Association as an associate member.

2. Associate membership. Associate membership shall be open to any person who is interested in the Knabstrupper breed and who is not eligible for regular membership. 

3. Honorary membership. The Board of Directors is authorized to elect to honorary membership an individual who has contributed significantly to the purposes of the Association. Honorary members shall have all the rights and privileges of associate members. However, honorary members, who live in North America may, upon written request to the Association’s secretary, be given regular membership privileges for as long as they fulfill the other requirements of regular membership, without having to pay annual dues.

4. Foreign membership. Foreign membership shall be open to any person who is interested in the Knabstrupper breed and who is a resident of a country outside North America. 

B. Membership privileges:

1. Regular members shall be entitled to all the privileges of membership in the Association, which are:

a. The right to nominate and second nominations for and serve as officers and directors of the Association, and to serve on committees of the Association.
b. The right to vote in election of officers and directors of the Association.
c. The right to vote on changes and amendments of the Bylaws and the Breed Standard.
d. The right to vote in person at the Annual General Meeting of Members (AGM) or any special meeting of the members.
e. The right to register and transfer Knabstrupper horses.
g. The right to enter and exhibit Knabstrupper horses at shows organized under the auspices of AKA and/or its regional affiliates.
h. The right to compete for awards at shows sponsored or approved by AKA for high point awards.
i. The right to year end awards sponsored by AKA.
j. Any other rights and privileges granted by AKA.

2. Associate, foreign and honorary members shall be entitled to all the privileges of regular membership in the Association, except that they shall not be eligible to vote, nor to nominate, second or serve as officers or directors of the Association. An associate member who acquires the ownership of a Knabstrupper or a mare or stallion approved by the Association for breeding of Knabstruppers and meets the requirements for regular membership must notify the membership secretary and change to regular membership.

3. Individuals who are not members, but own Knabstruppers and file applications
and other documents with the Association, by such actions and in regard to such transactions agree to be bound by these Bylaws and other rules, regulations, policies and procedures of the Association and decisions and actions of the Board of Directors and its committees.

C. Annual General Meeting of members and notice thereof. An Annual General Meeting of the association shall be held at least one time a year at such hours and place as may be designated by the Board of Directors and may be held by way of a “virtual meeting” online on the internet. Written notice by mail, email or front page newsletter announcement will be sent by the association Secretary at least 10 days prior to date of the meeting. The quorum for such a meeting shall be 20 percent of the members in good standing.

D. Special Association Meetings. Special association meetings may be called by the President, or by a majority vote of the members of the board who are present and voting at any regular or special meeting of the board. Such special meetings shall be held at such place, date, and hour as may be designated by the person or persons authorized herein to call such meetings. Written notice of such a meeting shall be mailed or emailed by the association Secretary at least five days and not more than 15 days prior to the date of the meeting, and said notice shall state the purpose of the meeting, and no other association business my be transacted thereat. The quorum for such a meeting shall be 20 percent of the members in good standing.

E. Board Meetings. Meetings of the board of directors shall be held at least one time a year prior to the regular meetings at a place and time so designated by the board. Written notice of such meeting shall be sent by the association Secretary at least five (5) days prior to the date of the meeting. The quorum for such a meeting shall be a majority of the board. Attendance may be by telephone, virtual conference or video conference.

F. Special Board Meetings. Special meetings of the board may be called by the President; and shall be called by the association Secretary upon receipt of a written request signed by at least three members of the board. Such special meetings shall be held at such place, date and hour as may be designated by the person authorized herein to call such meeting. Written notice of such meeting shall be made by the association Secretary at least five days and not more than ten days prior to the date of the meeting. Any such notice shall state the purpose of the meeting and no other business shall be transacted thereat. The quorum for such a meeting shall be a majority of the board. Attendance may be by telephone or video conference.

G. Voting. Each member in good standing whose dues are paid for the current year shall be entitled to one vote at any meeting of the association at which he/she is present. 

K. Dues. Regular, associate and foreign memberships are granted to individuals on an annual basis from January 1 to December 31. The membership of a person joining from October 1 through December 31 shall run until the end of the following year. The dues shall be set by the Board of Directors. Dues notices shall be sent out by the membership secretary in the fourth quarter. A second reminder/courtesy notice shall be mailed to those who have not renewed their membership. If a member's dues have not been received by the Association by January 31 s/he shall be dropped from the membership rolls effective as of that date.

L. Grievances. Grievances may be referred to the Committee on Ethics that shall attempt to mediate those disputes falling under the committee's general guidelines.

M. Violations 
1. Any member may be disciplined, suspended or expelled from AKA, and any
member or non member may be denied all the privileges of the Association, or any false registration certificate may be cancelled, whenever it shall have been established by satisfactory evidence that such member or non-member has violated any pertinent provision of these Bylaws or other rule of the Association. Disciplinary action may take the form of censure, suspension for a period of time determined by the Board of Directors or expulsion.

2. No person shall refuse, on reasonable request, to assist or respond to AKA, its
officers, committees, or agents in locating, identifying and inspecting records and/or facilities, or to answer promptly and truthfully any inquiry concerning a horse or an ancestor thereof in his ownership or control, which has been registered, approved for breeding or listed, or for which application to register or list has been made, or on any other matter of association business.. Violation of this rule may be grounds for disciplinary action.

3. The Registration Certificate, as issued by AKA, certifies that the horse is duly
registered with the association and the owner complies with the Association's By-Laws and Rules. A certificate is issued in reliance on a written application submitted and attested by the owner, and upon the express condition that AKA has the right to correct and/or cancel the certificate and/or restrict and/or cancel the privileges attendant thereto, for cause, under its rules and regulations. Should such correction and/or cancellation of the certificate take place, and should restriction and/or cancellation of the privileges attendant thereto, ensue, the Association shall so notify the owner and so document its Stud Book.

4. A member or non-member shall not conspire with another person or persons to intentionally violate the rules of AKA, or to knowingly contribute or cooperate with another person or persons, either by affirmative action or inaction, to violate these Bylaws, the rules, policies and procedures of the Association. Violation of this rule shall subject such member or non-member to disciplinary action, whether or not s/he has actually signed reports filed with the Association asserted to be true and correct.

N. Charges and sanctions.
1. Any member may be disciplined, suspended for a period, expelled or otherwise sanctioned, and a non-member may be denied AKA privileges for cause, which shall be defined as a violation of these Bylaws or other rules, and policies and procedures of the Association.

2. Any person may bring charges against another person for such misconduct or violation.
Written charges with specifications must be filed with the association Secretary together with a fee of one hundred dollars ($100.00), which shall be forfeited if such charges are not sustained. The Board shall fix a date for a hearing in all appropriate cases.

3. The Board or its designee may bring charges for misconduct or violation without posting a
fee. All other provisions will apply. After the date and time for the hearing has been fixed, the Secretary shall promptly send a copy of the charges to the accused person and complainant, by registered mail, together with a notice of the hearing and an assurance that the accused person may personally appear in her/his own defense and bring witnesses if s/he wishes.

4. Both the complainant and the accused person shall have the right to be represented by counsel
at the hearing. Should the charges be sustained, after hearing all the evidence by the complainant and the accused person, the Board or an appropriate committee of the Board, may by majority vote of those present, impose penalties according to a procedure approved by the Board. Immediately after a decision has been reached on the sanction, the secretary shall notify each of the parties in writing of the Board's decision and penalty, if any. 

5. If after a hearing the Board imposes suspension, expulsion or denial of AKA privileges, the accused shall have the option of (1) accepting the Board's decision, or (2) notify the Board in writing within 14 days of receiving notice of the Board's decision that s/he requires that the Board's decision be voted on by all eligible voting members. The accused person shall bear the full cost in advance of such a procedure, but should the membership not uphold the Board's ruling such costs shall be immediately reimbursed by the Association. Prior to the meeting the membership shall be provided with (a) a statement of the charges, (b) a statement of the Board's findings, (c) a concise statement by the accused person, and (d) a concise statement by the Board. A 2/3 vote of those members voting, in person or by proxy, shall be required to overrule a suspension, expulsion, or denial of AKA privileges.

6. When a person has been suspended, expelled, or denied AKA privileges, that person shall be denied the privileges of the Association . If the person concerned does not comply with all restrictions defined in the disciplinary action, s/he may be subject to further disciplinary action. The name and address of person(s) suspended, expelled or denied privileges will be published, together with a brief summary of charges and sanctions, in the Association's Bulletin by the secretary of the Association.

O. Jurisdiction/Venue. Every member, by joining AKA, and every non-member, by filing registration applications or other documents with the Association, does hereby agree:
1. If unsuccessful in a lawsuit in an attempt to overturn AKA decisions, actions, rules or regulations, to reimburse the Association for its reasonable attorney's fees, expert fees, court costs and other expenses in defense of such suit; and
2. That s/he will not commence any action, whether in law or in equity, against AKA in any courts other than those federal and state courts located in Harris County, Texas.

AKA has adopted the foregoing provisions for the mutual benefit of members and with intention of reducing the Association's litigation expenses, which expenses would ultimately be borne by members and non-members alike.

Article V
Board Of Directors

A. Board of Directors. The board shall be comprised of the officers and one other person, all of whom shall be Regular Members in good standing who are residents of North America. Officers shall be elected as provided in Article VI of these by-laws, and shall serve for three year terms or until their successors are elected. Board of Director Members who are not Officers shall be elected as provided for in Article VI, and shall serve for one year terms or until their successors are elected. General management of the Association’s affairs shall be entrusted to the Board of Directors.

B. Officers. The association’s officers, consisting of the President, Vice President, Secretary, and Treasurer, shall serve in their respective capacities both with regard to the association and its meetings and the board and its meetings.

1. The President shall prepare an agenda and preside at all meetings of the association and of the board, and shall have the duties and powers normally appurtenant to the office of President in addition to those particularly specified in these by-laws.

2. The Vice President shall have the duties of the President in case of the President’s absence, incapacity, or death.

3. The Secretary shall keep a record of all meetings of the association and of the board and all matters of which a record shall be ordered by the association. Secretary shall have charge of the correspondence, notify members of meetings, and notify new members of their election to the membership, notify officers of their election to office, and keep records of membership. Secretary shall keep an accounting of all points earned towards breed awards for AKA. Secretary shall be responsible for all paperwork required to register, inspect and/or approve AKA horses in accordance with the Registry Rules and Breed Standard, including a pedigree database. The Secretary shall forward a copy of the minutes of each meeting to the President at least ten (10) days after each meeting. 

4. The treasurer shall collect and receive all monies due or belonging to the association. Monies shall be deposited in a bank designated by the board, in the name of the association within a timely manner, not to exceed 30 days. The books shall at all times be open to inspection by the board, and a report shall be given at every meeting of the condition of the association’s finances and every item of receipt or payment not before reported; and at annual meeting an accounting shall be rendered of all monies received and expended during the previous fiscal year. The Treasurer shall be bonded at such a time and in such amount as the board of directors shall determine. The Treasurer will also keep records of all active and inactive members and shall give a report as to the status of the membership at each meeting.

C. Vacancies. Any vacancies occurring among the Board or among the officers during the year shall be filled until the next annual election by a majority vote of all the then members of the board at a special meeting called to fill such a vacancy; except that a vacancy in the office of President shall be filled automatically by the Vice President and the resulting vacancy to the office of Vice President shall be filled by the board.

D. Insurance. To the maximum extent permitted by law and approved by the Board of Directors, the Association may provide/obtain insurance against liability for its directors and officers.

Article VI
The Association Year, Annual Meeting, Election

A. Association Year. The association’s fiscal year shall begin on the 1st day of January and end on the last day of December. The association’s official year shall begin immediately at the conclusion of the election at the annual meeting and shall continue through the election at the next annual meeting.

B. Annual Meeting. The annual meeting shall be held in the month of November at which officers for the ensuing years shall be elected by secret ballot from among those nominated in accordance with Section D. of this Article. They shall take office immediately upon the conclusion of the election and each retiring officer shall turn over to the successor in office all properties and records relating to that office within 30 days after the election. 

C. Elections. The nominated candidate receiving the greatest number of votes for each office shall be declared elected. 

D. Quorum. Twenty percent (20%) of the voting membership is required to make a quorum for general election of officers and/or directors.

D. Nominations. No person may be a candidate in a association election who has not been nominated by a member in good standing and who has accepted that nomination at least 30 days before the annual election. At least two weeks before the annual meeting, the Secretary will notify all members of the candidates so nominated for each position. No person may be a candidate for more than one position. Nominations cannot be made at the annual meeting or in any manner other than as provided in this Section.

Article VII
Committees

A. Appointment. The board may each year appoint standing committees to advance the work of the association in such matters as shows, stallion auctions, trophies, annual prizes, membership and other fields which may be served by committees. Such committees shall always be subject to the final authority of the board. Special committees may also be appointed by the board to aid on particular projects.

B. Termination. Any committee appointment may be terminated by majority vote of the present membership of the board upon written notice to the appointee; and the board may appoint successors to those persons whose services have been terminated.


Article VIII
Contracts, Checks, Deposits And Funds

A. Contracts. The Board of Directors may authorize any officer or officers, agent or agents of the Association, in addition to the officers so authorized by these Bylaws, to enter into any contract or execute and deliver any instrument in the name of and on behalf of the Association, and such authority may be general or confined to specific instances.

B Checks, Drafts and other documents. All checks, drafts or orders for the payment of money, notes, or other evidence of indebtedness issued in the name of the Association shall be signed by such officer or officers, agent or agents of the Association and in such a manner as shall from time to time be determined by resolution of the Board of Directors. In the absence of such determination by the Board of Directors, such instruments shall be signed by the treasurer of the Association.

C. Deposits. All funds of the Association shall be deposited in a timely manner to the credit of the Association in such banks, trust companies or other depositories as the Directors may select.

D. Gifts. The Board of Directors may accept on behalf of the Association any contribution, gift, bequest or devise for the general purposes or for any special purpose of the Association. 


Article IX
Books And Records

The Association shall keep correct and complete books and records of account and shall keep the minutes of the proceeding of its members, Board of Directors and committees, and shall keep at its registered office or principal office in Kentucky a record of the names and addresses of members entitled to vote. All books and records of the Association may be inspected by any member, or his agent or attorney, for any proper purpose, at any reasonable time at the principal offices of the Association.

Article X
Fiscal Year

The fiscal year of the Association shall be from January 1 to December 31.

Article XI
Seal

The Association Seal shall have inscribed thereon the name of the Association and the year of organization The Seal may be used by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed or in any manner to be reproduced.

Article XII
Indemnification

The Association shall indemnify, except as prohibited by law, each director or officer (including each former director or officer) of the Association who was or is made a party to, or a witness in, or is threatened to be made a party to or a witness in any pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that the person is or was an authorized representative of the Association, against all expenses (including attorney's fees and disbursements), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred in connection with such action, suit or proceeding. The Association may purchase and maintain insurance to protect itself and any such director or officer against any liability, cost or expense incurred in connection with any such action, suit or proceeding.


Article XIII
Amendment To Bylaws

These Bylaws may be altered, amended or repealed and new Bylaws may be adopted by a majority vote of those eligible voting members voting in accordance with these Bylaws. Bylaw amendments may be proposed to the membership by the Board of Directors or by a petition to the secretary signed by 20% of the voting members at the time of the petition.


Article XIV
Rules And Standards

A. The Breed Standard and Breeding Rules attached hereto is hereby made a part of these Bylaws.

B. Any member of the Association having knowledge of the following transactions is required to inform the registration secretary of same, if such transactions have not appeared in the published Statistics within a reasonable length of time:
1. The transfer by sale or gift of any AKA registered Knabstrupper.
2. The foaling in North America of any Knabstrupper eligible to be registered with AKA.
3. The death of any registered Knabstrupper.
4. The gelding or spaying of any registered Knabstrupper
5. The importation by any member of a Knabstrupper not known to be registered with AKA.


Article XV
Certificate Of Adoption

KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS:

That I, the undersigned, the duly elected and acting president of the North American Knabstrupper Association., a Texas Non-Profit Association, do hereby certify that the within and foregoing Bylaws of said Association were duly adopted on the 12day of October, 2005, and that the same do now constitute the Bylaws of said Association.

Rebecca Pennington
President

AMERICAN KNABSTRUPPER ASSOCIATION
BREEDING RULES

I. STATEMENT OF PURPOSE

The Association will develop rules regarding the recording, registration and identification of horses of Knabstrupper blood and breeding. The association will assist with the preservation of rare bloodlines and with the promotion of the knowledge and understanding of the Knabstrupper horse.
AKA recognises that Denmark is the true original home of the Knabstrupper horse and will strive always to adhere to the principles and rules of the KNN. AKA also recognises the different circumstances and requirements of the North American market and environment. Therefore, AKA will develop its rules for the successful development of Knabstrupper horses in North America, following KNN principles whenever possible.


II. DEFINITIONS.

As used in these breeding rules, the following definitions will be used:

a. “Registered Knabstrupper” or “Knabstrupper”: a horse registered in the regular breeding books of the American Knabstrupper Association, a registry of the European Union that registers Knabstruppers, or the Knabstrupperforeningen for Danmark (KNN).

b. “Half-Knabstrupper”: a horse that has at least one Registered Knabstrupper parent, but whose other parent is unapproved for the breeding of Knabstruppers because of failure of presentation for inspection or because that parent was not of an acceptable outcross.

c. “Acceptable outcross”: a horse listed in IV (a.) below.


III. BREED STANDARDS

TYPE: 
The Knabstrupper horse: A big framed and harmonic horse with good depth and width of a good riding type. 
The Knabstrupper pony: A harmonic riding type with pony character and with good depth and width. 
SIZE: 
Knabstrupper horse must be more than 14.2 hands (148 cm) in height at the highest point of the withers.
Knabstrupper pony must be no taller than 14.2 hands (148 cm) in height at the highest point of the withers.

COLOUR: 
The Knabstrupper is known for its unusual color patterns. There is an almost endless variety of patterns that can be expressed, but the most common are leopard spotted (all white body with dark spots all over); blanket (dark body with white hindquarters that might or might not also have dark spots inside the white); snowflake (dark horse with white lacy pattern on the hindquarters); frosted (dark body color that looks as though it is frosted all over with white, like frost on a car in the winter); and few spotted (born almost entirely white with just a few other spots of color). In addition to the color patterns of the coat, the Knabstrupper might well display other color characteristics such as mottling of the skin around the eyes, nose, mouth and/or genital regions; striped hooves and/or white sclera around the eyes (white around the iris looking much like a human eye). Some Knabstruppers are born without any of the above color characteristics and are known as “solids” even if they have common white markings such as stars, blaze or stockings.
The graying gene, the tobiano pinto gene and the overo pinto gene are not permitted in the Knabstrupper breeding books. Any Knabstrupper that expresses any one or more of these genes will not be approved for breeding. 

HEAD AND NECK: 
The Knabstrupper has an expressive, noble head with big, clear and calm eyes and with plenty of clearance between the lower jaw and the start of the neck. The head should be well connected through a good flexible poll with a long, well proportioned, well set neck that is neither too high nor too low. 

SHOULDER AND WITHERS: 
The Knabstrupper has a long and well sloped shoulder and well defined withers that slope gradually into the back making for a comfortable fit for a saddle. 

WITHERS, BACK AND LOIN: 
The Knabstrupper has well defined withers smoothly connected through a strong back with short, muscular loins. 

CROUP: 
The Knabstrupper has a good, muscular slightly sloping croup with a well-set tail that is neither set too high nor too low and with good swinging tail movement. The hindquarters should be deep, broad and muscular. 

LEGS: 
The Knabstrupper has appropriately strong, clean and well-set legs; strong open joints with good angles in hocks, shoulders and pasterns; and plenty of bone with a smooth transition to the cannon bones. The cannon bones must be short and flat. The pasterns should be appropriately long and springy without being soft. Upper legs should be muscular in front and in hind end they should be broad and deeply muscled. The hooves should be well formed with good horn quality. 

THE MOVEMENT: 
The Knabstrupper should be smooth and forward moving from the shoulder showing good rhythm, elasticity and impulsion and with a good length of stride. 

TEMPERAMENT: 
The Knabstrupper must be lively and friendly, but amiable and cooperative. 

IV. RULES REGARDING THE REGISTRATION OF KNABSTRUPPERS

a. Full Registry - Acceptable outcrosses:

To be registered as a Knabstrupper with AKA, a horse must have at least one parent who is registered Knabstrupper.

The other parent must be either a Knabstrupper or a horse of an acceptable outcross and that has been presented and approved for the breeding of Knabstruppers by the American Knabstrupper Association, a registry of the European Union that registers Knabstruppers, or the Knabstrupperforeningen for Danmark (KNN) and is not gray or pinto (tobiano or overo) in coloring.

· A warmblood registry that is a part of the European Union or the American affiliate of that registry. These registries include but are not limited to the Hanoverian, Oldenburg, Dutch, Swedish, Rheinland-Pfalz-Saar, and Holsteiner registries, 
· International Sporthorse Registry/Oldenburg North America;
· Thoroughbred registered with the Jockey Club of its country of origin;
· Purebred Arabian registered with the Arabian Horse Registry or official Arabian registry of its country of origin;
· Trakhener;
· Frederiksborger;
· Danish Oldenborg;
· Danish Warmblood;
· Akhal-Teke;
· Appaloosa (mares only) of suitable sporthorse type, conformation and movement with an overall score of 6.5 or above at approval inspection. Appaloosa mares with a QH closer than a great-grandparent will be accepted only into the Pre Mare Book. For placement in the Main Mare Book, an Appaloosa mare must score at least an overall 7.5 or above with no score less than 6.0 and must not have a gray gene or a sparse or “rat” tail.
· Mares registered with the American Warmblood Society or the American Warmblood Registry may be eligible on a case by case basis based upon a review of their pedigree.

The foal by an approved Knabstrupper stallion out of a mare of acceptable outcross that has not been presented for approval to the American Knabstrupper Association, a registry of the European Union that registers Knabstruppers, or the Knabstrupperforeningen for Danmark (KNN) and is not gray or pinto (tobiano or overo) in coloring might still be accepted for registration on a case by case basis if the mare has been approved for breeding by one of the acceptable outcross registries.


b. Half Registry or Half Knabstrupper

A horse may be registered with AKA as a “Half Knabstrupper” if at least one parent is a registered Knabstrupper but the other parent is unapproved for the breeding of Knabstruppers because of failure of presentation for inspection or because that parent was not of an acceptable outcross. Horses registered as “Half Knabstruppers” may compete in any classes and for any awards for which a horse in the regular registry may compete.


c. Purebred Type or “Foundation Type”

To be considered of purebred or foundation type, the Knabstrupper must have 6 or more registered Knabstruppers in the 3rd generation and the other ancestors are all of acceptable bloodlines for crossing into the Knabstrupper bloodlines. 

d. Sporthorse Type

A Knabstrupper is considered to be of sporthorse type if it is has at least one parent registered as Knabstrupper and is of the type bred specifically for the sports of dressage, show jumping and/or eventing. The other parent must have been approved for breeding of Knabstruppers. 

e. Ponies

To be registered as a Knabstrupper pony, the pony must be no taller than 14.2 hands (148 cm) and must have at least one parent that is registered Knabstrupper. The other parent must have been approved for the breeding of Knabstruppers. 


V. RULES REGARDING THE BREEDING OF KNABSTRUPPERS

a. Mares

The AKA maintains three (3) mare books into which a mare may be placed: the Main Mare Book, the Mare Book and the Pre Mare Book. Placement in a book is determined by the mare’s inspection scores and the bloodlines of the mare. Inspection of the mare may be made by the American Knabstrupper Association, a registry of the European Union that registers Knabstruppers, an American affiliate of such a European Union regsitry, or the Knabstrupperforeningen for Danmark (KNN) No mare is eligible for approval if the mare is gray or pinto (tobiano or overo) in coloring. No mare is eligible for approval if the mare has a sparse or “rat” tail.

i. Main Mare Book

The highest book into which a mare may be placed, the main mare book requires that the mare have received an overall inspection score of at least 6.5 (except for Appaloosa mares, which require an overall score of 7.5 with no score lower than 6.0) and that the mare be registered Knabstrupper or be of an acceptable outcross.

ii. Mare Book

Mares of acceptable outcross that score higher than 5.5 but less than 6.5 will be placed into the Mare Book (except Appaloosa mares, who will be placed into the mare book with an overrall score higher than 6.0 but less than 7.0 or that have an individual score less than 6.0 but higher than 4.9).

iii. Pre Mare Book

Suitable mares of acceptable score higher than 5.5 overall but that do not have proof of acceptable pedigree - or mares with acceptable pedigree regardless of overall score if the mare has an individual score less than 4.9 -  will be placed into the Pre Mare Book.


b. Stallions

To be approved for breeding of registered Knabstrupper foals, stallions must meet the following requirements:

i. Eligibility

No stallion is eligible for breeding approval if the stallion is gray or pinto (tobiano or overo) in coloring. No stallion is eligible for breeding approval if it has a sparse or “rat” tail. The following stallions are eligible for approval for the breeding of registered Knabstrupper offspring:

1. Knabstrupper stallions approved for breeding by a registry of the European Union that registers Knabstruppers, an American affiliate of a European Union registry, or the Knabstrupperforeningen for Danmark (KNN);
2. Knabstrupper stallions registered with a registry of the European Union that registers Knabstruppers, an American affiliate of a European Union registry, or the Knabstrupperforeningen for Danmark (KNN) and that are eligible for breeding approval with that registry;
3. Knabstrupper stallions registered with the American Knabstrupper Association and that are out of a mare entered into the Main Mare Book of the AKA, though the AKA can in special circumstances, accept a stallion out of a mare entered into the Mare Book if that stallion scores sufficiently high at its initial licensing inspection in all areas as to make him desirable as a breeding stallion.
4. Stallions registered with and approved for breeding by an approved outcross registry.

ii. Inspection for Initial Licensing

Eligible stallions that have received breeding approval from a registry of the European Union that registers Knabstruppers, an American affiliate of a European Union registry, or the Knabstrupperforeningen for Danmark (KNN) or from another registry in the acceptable outcross list receive reciprocal approval from AKA.

Eligible Knabstrupper stallions that have not received breeding approval from the American Knabstrupper Association, a registry of the European Union that registers Knabstruppers, an American affiliate of a European Union registry, the Knabstrupperforeningen for Danmark (KNN) or another registry in the acceptable outcross list must attend an inspection for initial licensing during which they will be graded on a score of 10-1 (with 10 the highest) for their conformation, movement, type, temperament and jumping aptitude. Inspection may be held by the AKA or by a warmblood registry listed on the acceptable outcross list. To receive initial licensing, the stallion must receive an overall score of no less than 7.0 and with no score less than 5.0. If the stallion obtains a sufficient score, he will be granted an initial and temporary breeding license good for three years. During this three years, the stallion may produce (with AKA approved mares) foals registerable with AKA. To continue producing registerable foals and obtain lifetime breeding approval with AKA, the stallion must complete the final approval requirements set forth below.


iii. Full Approval Methods

The AKA recognizes three methods by which a stallion with initial licensing may obtain full lifetime approval. Those methods and the requirements of each is set forth below.

1. 100 day test

A stallion with his initial license from AKA can attend the 100 day stallion testing that is organized every two years by the Federation of North American Sport Horse Registries. If the stallion completes the testing with an overall score of at least 80 points, he will receive his lifetime breeding approval with AKA. The testing consists of a 100 day training period and the final performance test. The testing includes evaluation of the interior qualities of the stallion, such as character, temperament, ability and willingness to work, as well as jumping movement, jumping and performance abilities of the stallion. In the final testing, the stallions are judged for their basic gaits, their jumping ability, both free and under saddle, and for their performance while ridden cross country, according to standard rules and regulations. For more detailed information about the 100 day stallion testing, visit the website of www.isroldenburg.org 

2. Performance Achievements

A stallion with his initial license from AKA can obtain lifetime breeding approval through performance as follows:

a. Dressage stallions may receive lifetime breeding approval by receiving five scores of at least 60% at three different USEF recognized dressage shows in competitions at 4th level or higher under at least three different judges.

b. Jumping stallions may receive lifetime breeding approval by receiving either five placings in jumping in the top three in Open Classes (minimum at level 8) or higher or three wins in jumping in Level 6 or higher classes in at least three different "A rated" USEF shows.

c. Eventing stallions may receive lifetime breeding approval by receiving three placings in the top three at recognized Three-Day Events at preliminary level or higher.

d. Hunter stallions may receive a lifetime breeding Approval on a case by case basis if they have superior show records (e.g. won "regular" or "2nd year" National Year End Awards or Championships).

e. Thoroughbred stallions may receive lifetime breeding approval based on superior race records.

f. Endurance stallions may receive lifetime breeding approval by obtaining three placings in the top three at recognized endurance competitions of 50 miles or longer.

3. Knabstrupper Selection Trials

A stallion with his initial license from AKA may obtain lifetime breeding approval by passing a Stallion Selection Trial conducted under the auspices of the Knabstrupperforeningen for Danmark (KNN). This selection trial consists of 5 sub trials that are held on the same day and include a test of paces, test of jumping capabilities, endurance test, evaluation of the stallion’s willingness (temperament), and a veterinarian examination.

Email us at knabinfo@knabstruppers.com

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